Courses
Practice
Exams
Podcast
Story
Resources
Start learning
Start learning
Home
Courses
HSK 6: Read Between the Lines, Express Ideas in Depth
Grammar
HSK 6: Read Between the Lines, Express Ideas in Depth
Grammar
22 entries
Search grammar
Necessary conditions with 除非…才… and 除非…否则/不然…
除非 + 条件，才 + 结果 / 除非 + 条件，否则/不然 + 后果
除非 introduces a unique or crucial condition. With 才 it states the result if the condition is met; with 否则/不然 it states the consequence if it is not.
The purpose construction …，以便…
行动或安排，以便 + 预期目的
以便 introduces the facilitating condition or intended purpose created by the preceding action, a more formal equivalent of “so that.”
Scope adverbs 净, 一同, and 大都
范围副词 + 谓语
净 says the scope consists entirely of one kind, often evaluatively; 一同 marks joint participation; 大都 means most, not all.
The universal condition 凡是…，都…
凡是 + 类别条件，都 + 共同结果
凡是 ranges over every member of a class, and 都 states that all members share the same result or rule without exception.
The alternative construction 要么…，要么…
要么 + 选择一，要么 + 选择二
要么…，要么… presents two or more mutually exclusive alternatives and calls for a definite choice.
The concessive hypothesis 就算…，也…
就算 + 极端假设，也 + 不变结论
就算 concedes an uncertain, extreme, or unfavorable hypothesis; 也 states that the following conclusion remains unchanged even if it holds.
The negative adverb 未必
未必 + 谓语
未必 says a judgment is not necessarily true; it denies certainty rather than asserting the opposite fact.
The concessive construction 虽…，但/可/却/也…
虽 + 事实，但/可/却/也 + 反向结论
The first clause concedes a fact; the second gives a contrary judgment, limitation, or result that does not follow from it.
The limit pattern 到…为止
到 + 时间/数量/范围 + 为止
到…为止 sets an endpoint in time, quantity, scope, or action, beyond which counting or inclusion stops.
The preposition 至于 introducing an object or topic
至于 + 对象/话题，后续说明
至于 shifts the discussion to another related object or aspect, functioning like “as for” or “regarding.”
The pattern X归X，Y归Y
X + 归 + X，Y + 归 + Y（，结论）
This pattern explicitly separates two easily conflated matters: each is acknowledged, but neither should substitute for or interfere with the other.
Frequency adverbs 一再 and 再三
一再/再三 + 动词
Both mark repeated behavior. 一再 foregrounds repetition itself; 再三 often conveys deliberation, repeated urging, or careful thought.
The degree complement verb/adjective + 透 + 了
动词 + 透 + 了 / 形容词 + 透 + 了
As a result or degree complement, 透 marks an action as thorough or a state as extreme; 了 marks completion or change.
The structural particle 所
所 + 动词 + 的 + 名词 / 为 + 人或机构 + 所 + 动词
所 precedes a transitive verb to nominalize the action and its patient; it also appears in the written passive 为…所….
Time adverbs 不时, 仍旧, 依旧, and 一向
时间副词 + 谓语
不时 marks intermittent recurrence; 仍旧 and 依旧 mean a situation remains unchanged; 一向 describes a long-standing pattern up to the present.
Class-like suffixes: -化, -式, -型, -性
词根 + 类后缀
化 marks becoming or causing to become; 式 marks a manner or style; 型 a type; 性 nominalizes a quality, tendency, or possibility.
Degree adverbs 特, 异常, and 较为
程度副词 + 形容词/状态谓语
Colloquial 特 intensifies a degree; formal 异常 marks a striking departure from normal; 较为 gives a restrained relative degree.
Class-like prefixes: 超-, 多-, 反-, 无-, 亚-, 准-
类前缀 + 词根
These bound forms precede a root and express excess, multiplicity, opposition, absence, a subordinate rank, or near-status.
Previous
1 / 2
Next
